Friday, August 31, 2018

Sojourn in Steamboat Springs



Sojourn in Steamboat Springs

A few months after I had become a Bahá’í in the spring of 1969, I made a trip to see Roger and Dee Carson with Bill Bright, who I shared a home with in Loveland, Colorado. The Carsons had purchased an old hotel in downtown Steamboat Springs that needed renovation.  They named the hotel, The Edelweiss. We made the trip in Bill’s moody VW van.  I remember the van; the style that was typical and popular with the “hippie” movement of the 1960’s. Bill and I had come from that era into the Faith. His van had a very difficult time climbing the mountain pass to the Trail Ridge Summit near Long’s Peak. We stalled out close to the road’s summit. Night had fallen bringing colder temperatures in the high mountains. Bill had learned a lot about his sulky vehicle and after some tinkering with the motor, we made our way through the “colorful” Colorado mountains to Granby and then on to Steamboat in the Yampa Valley. Bill would let the van pick up lots of speed on the downhills to have a running start at the next slope.
Dee was ecstatic to have Bahá’í visitors, which was a rare occasion for her.  Roger, who still considered himself a dedicated agnostic, was accommodating, usually ready to support Dee’s activities in the Faith.  The result of that short visit was that Dee and Roger invited me to live with them in the hotel. If I helped Roger paint the hotel rooms, I could stay in one of the rooms rent free, at least on a temporary basis. The plan was for me to head back to Loveland, give notice at my job at the Electric Shoe Shop in Fort Collins, where I worked as a shoe repairman; gather up my meager belongings and return to Steamboat Springs in several weeks. As I recall, Bill was willing to take me there as he could combine the trip with delivering health foods to new customers he had made. My adventure as a young Bahá’í entered a new phase of eager learning.
In short, I stayed with the Carsons until Christmas Day 1969, a total of four months. Another young lodger had the same deal with Roger: free rent on a short-term basis by helping Roger fix up the hotel. He asked Roger if he could paint the walls of his room anyway he wanted. Roger reluctantly agreed with the stipulation that if Roger wasn’t happy with the colors he chose, the lodger would have to paint it over before moving out. The room was painted to appear like the inside of a cave complete with stick figure cave drawings.
After helping Roger minimally, I worked as a dishwasher in a small café near the hotel. The cook was a Syrian immigrant who had completed a college degree, but his student visa had expired and wouldn’t allow him to work in the US. To remain in the states a while longer, he worked as a cook. He was very vocal, but we got along well.
One of the regular customers at the café was named Snowball, a quiet, weathered man who always wore a knitted cap.  He also wore a red, white and blue political button on his coat that said, “I dig Graves” (referring to a man who was running for political office somewhere in the area).  And that’s what Snowball did for the town—he was the grave digger!  At times, Dee said that Snowball would stay at the hotel, but never used the bedding.  Instead, he would bring his sheepskin rug to lay on. He was always seemed clean, even though Dee thought Snowball only had two sets of clothes, one for winter and one for summer.
At that time, for whatever reason, I didn’t attempt to have any conversation with Snowball, which I regret now, as he was one of Steamboat’s most colorful characters. 
The Edelweiss Hotel soon became a popular stopping place for travelers.  One day a couple riding beautiful Arabian horses checked in.  They were coming from Montana and headed for the Southwest. They had a place to rest their mounts while they enjoyed resting at the hotel. 
Another time, Roger or Dee rescued a family from Haifa, Israel whose teenage son was being pushed around by some local wannabe cowboys because he wore his hair long.  The Jewish, Israeli family was puzzled why long hair on a young man would be so threatening. They were delighted to meet Baha’i’s as they knew the beautiful Bahá’í gardens in Haifa, though they knew very little about the Faith itself. The reason for that was due to Bahá’u’lláh’s injunction to Bahá’ís not to teach the Faith in Israel. Being that the family was not in Israel, we were able to share the basic teachings of the Faith, which they found very agreeable.
          The window in my room faced a hillside in the back of the hotel that had a ski jump on it. Howelsen Hill Ski Area by name. I don’t remember there being enough snow on the slope while I lived in Steamboat Springs for the ski jump to be used, but on clear nights when the moonlight glistened on the hill, I enjoyed staring at the ski jump through my window.
As a new believer, I spent much of my leisure time reading Bahá’í Writings.  I enjoyed “Prayers and Meditations of Bahá’u’lláh,” a three-hundred-page book of several hundred prayers revealed by the Pen of the Most High. I especially liked to go through the very long prayers toward the last part of the volume. The last prayer in the book, CLXXXIV, runs fourteen pages and includes passages like this one that I found almost other worldly:
“Praise be to Thee, O my God, that Thou hast revealed Thy favors and Thy bounties; and glory be to Thee, O my Beloved, that Thou hast manifested the Day-Star of Thy loving-kindness and Thy tender mercies. I yield Thee such thanks as can direct the steps of the wayward towards the splendors of the morning light of Thy guidance, and enable those who yearn towards Thee to attain the seat of the revelation of the effulgence of Thy beauty. I yield Thee such thanks as can cause the sick to draw nigh unto the waters of Thy healing, and can help those who are far from Thee to approach the living fountain of Thy presence. I yield Thee such thanks as can divest the bodies of Thy servants of the garments of mortality and abasement, and attire them in the robes of Thine eternity and Thy glory, and lead the poor unto the shores of Thy holiness and all sufficient riches. I yield Thee such thanks as can enable the Heavenly Dove to warble forth, upon the branches of the Lote-Tree of Immortality, her song: "Verily, Thou art God. No God is there besides Thee. From eternity Thou hast been exalted above the praise of aught else but Thee, and been high above the description of any one except Thyself." I yield Thee such thanks as can cause the Nightingale of Glory to pour forth its melody in the highest heaven: "Ali (the Báb), in truth, is Thy servant, Whom Thou hast singled out from among Thy Messengers and Thy chosen Ones, and made Him to be the Manifestation of Thyself in all that pertaineth unto Thee, and that concerneth the revelation of Thine attributes and the evidences of Thy names." I yield Thee such thanks as can stir up all things to extol Thee, and to glorify Thine Essence, and can unloose the tongues of all beings to magnify the sovereignty of Thy beauty. I yield Thee such thanks as can fill the heavens and the earth with the signs of Thy transcendent Essence, and assist all created things to enter the Tabernacle of Thy nearness and Thy presence. I yield Thee such thanks as can make every created thing to be a book that shall speak of Thee, and a scroll that shall unfold Thy praise. I yield Thee such thanks as can establish the Manifestations of Thy sovereignty upon the throne of Thy governance, and set up the Exponents of Thy glory upon the seat of Thy Divinity. I yield Thee such thanks as can make the corrupt tree to bring forth good fruit through the holy breaths of Thy favors, and revive the bodies of all beings with the gentle winds of Thy transcendent grace. I yield Thee such thanks as can cause the signs of Thine exalted singleness to be sent down out of the heaven of Thy holy unity. I yield Thee such thanks as can teach all things the realities of Thy knowledge and the essence of Thy wisdom, and will not withhold the wretched creatures from the doors of Thy mercy and Thy bountiful favor. I yield Thee such thanks as can enable all who are in heaven and on earth to dispense with all created things, through the treasuries of Thine all-sufficing riches, and can aid all created things to reach unto the summit of Thine almighty favors. I yield Thee such thanks as can assist the hearts of Thine ardent lovers to soar into the atmosphere of nearness to Thee, and of longing for Thee, and kindle the Light of Lights within the land of Iraq. I yield Thee such thanks as can detach them that are nigh unto Thee from all created things, and draw them to the throne of Thy names and Thine attributes. I yield Thee such thanks as can cause Thee to forgive all sins and trespasses, and to fulfill the needs of the peoples of all religions, and to waft the fragrances of pardon over the entire creation. I yield Thee such thanks as can enable them that recognize Thy unity to scale the heights of Thy love, and cause such as are devoted to Thee to ascend unto the Paradise of Thy presence. I yield Thee such thanks as can satisfy the wants of all such as seek Thee, and realize the aims of them that have recognized Thee. I yield Thee such thanks as can blot out from the hearts of men all suggestions of limitations, and inscribe the signs of Thy unity. I yield Thee such thanks as that with which Thou didst from eternity glorify Thine own Self, and didst exalt it above all peers, rivals, and comparisons, O Thou in Whose hands are the heavens of grace and of bounty, and the kingdoms of glory and of majesty!”
Prayers and Meditations by Bahá’u’lláh, p. 328

For some reason, I found reading the letters of the Guardian, Shoghi Effendi, difficult.  Several times I picked up his remarkable history of the Faith, God Passes By, but never got passed a few pages. That mental block disappeared once I began reading “Nabil’s Narrative: The Dawnbreakers,” the indispensable history of the Báb. At times the experience of reading a chapter of the Dawnbreakers would transport me to another realm and leave feeling dazed for hours when I put the book down. When I realized that Shoghi Effendi had done the translation of Nabil’s work into English, I had the urged to read every letter and book that the Guardian had written.
Dee and I, as the two Baha’i’s residing in Steamboat at the time (plus Dee’s two children), were limited in what type of activities we might hold, but we did hold the Nineteen-Day Feasts, either in the hotel, or in a park on warmer days. Autumn in Steamboat was beautiful with the aspen leaves turning to fiery hues of reds and oranges. To sit in a park on a clear, crisp autumn day to celebrate a Feast with readings from the Writings along with cups of yoghurt and fruit made for an inebriating, dream-like experience.
Roger and Dee’s son, Stacy, maybe in first grade at the time, showed much capacity.  One day he entered my room while I was reading from Rodwell’s English translation of the Qur’an. Stacy asked me what I was reading, and I told him the Qur’an, the Holy Book of Muhammad. I showed him the page I was reading from and he began reading a passage with hardly a stutter. I was amazed how this young lad could grasp the difficult language of the Qur’an, and he seemed to understand much of what he read. It was more puzzling because Stacy’s school teacher had reported to the Carsons that Stacy was not keeping up with the reading in the class. The problem became clear when I discovered that they were reading “Dick and Jane” books with sentences such as: “See Dick run. Dick runs fast. See Jane jump. Jane jumps up” with the rest of the page being a colorful drawing showing Dick and Jane doing what the text said.  I think Stacy was trying to figure out what he was missing. With so few words on the page, reading must have been the most boring subject in the world for him. 
Dee had a vivacious personality, sometimes beset with lows.  Roger, on the other hand, stayed even-keeled.  I don’t remember him every losing his temper while I was there, even if a guest broke something.  Both were wonderful to be around, but I knew Dee felt an emptiness that Roger didn’t share her love for Bahá’u’lláh. 
Apparently, in his younger days his interaction with church was negative and he chose to be agnostic in his outlook.  We had lively discussions about the topic neither side able to convince the other with rational arguments.  “Prove there is a God”, he might state; and I might respond with “Prove the astronauts actually landed on the moon.”  It all came down to faith.  A couple times while I was there, Dee left for a few days to be with Baha’i’s friends somewhere else.  She would return rejuvenated and everything would be great again. 
 
          Not all the guest tenants worked out well for Roger and Dee.  One morning a great commotion disturbed the hotel. A young man staying at the Edelweiss overdosed on drugs and went into convulsions, which caused a panic. Roger and Dee had a no drug policy for tenants and their guests, which was honored by most of those staying or visiting the hotel.   
Special, but rare, visits from Baha’i’s bolstered Dee and my spirits.  Two Denver believers who made a couple of trips during my time in Steamboat Springs was the odd pair of seventy-year old Leah Dagen, a delightfully garrulous person from a Jewish background, and Ray Kahn, a humble Navajo Bahá’í in his thirties with a pleasantly reserved disposition and gentle smile.  Such an unusual combination of age, personality and experience was perfect medicine for Dee and me. Leah later moved to the Grand Junction area of western Colorado and helped the Faith especially in preparing public information articles for the local news media.  I would later get to know many of the famous Kahn family—stalwart Baha’i’s from the Navajo Reservation in Arizona. Ray was a wonderful introduction to that steadfast family.
One day a young, Jewish woman from New York arrived and rented a room.  I don’t remember her name, but I’ll call her Laura for this memoir. She was waiting for her fiancé to come.  We became good friends and enjoyed long talks together, sometimes sitting on the carpeted floor of my room drinking tea. (We always kept the room door open.) Almost simultaneously, another person from New York City, also Jewish, rented a room. I’ll call him Cliff. I cannot remember if the two New Yorkers were already acquaintances, but his presence added another layer of perspectives to our daily talks.  We would compare philosophies of thinkers like Friedrich Nietzsche, George Ivanovich Gurdjieff and Peter D. Ouspensky.  I knew very little about such thinkers and would generally share quotations from Bahá’u’lláh and ‘Abdu’l-Bahá on the topic under discussion.  It felt both delightful and strange to be in this small, cowboy outpost in the beautiful Colorado mountains carrying on decidedly intellectual conversations with two scholarly Jews from New York City on deeply mystical and spiritual concepts.

One of the most memorable days I had living in Steamboat Springs was when Dee and I were invited to help Daisy Anderson Leonard harvest her carrots in Strawberry Park.  It was late September.  The ground was cold, but not frozen.  I remember it being more sludgy than hard.  Though it wasn’t too difficult to pull the carrots from the ground, my fingers quickly felt frozen and we slipped around in the muddy ground a lot.  Later that day, after a chance to shower and change, Miss Daisy came to the hotel and joined Dee and I for tea and snacks.  For helping her with the carrots, she gave me a copy of a book she wrote about her illustrious husband, Robert Anderson, From Slavery to Afluence: Memoirs of Robert Anderson, Ex-Slave. 
Here is a summary about Daisy Anderson Leonard’s life:
She “was a noted local author and one of the country's longest surviving Civil War widows.
“Miss Daisy, as she was known to some, married Civil War veteran and one-time slave Robert Anderson in Forest City, Arkansas, in 1922 when he was 79 and she was 21. He had fled his plantation with his master's blessing in time to join the Union Army in the last days of the Civil War in 1865.
“Mr. Anderson died eight years after he married Daisy but left a modest fortune behind after successfully running a ranch in Nebraska. In the wake of the Great Depression, she found her way to her sister's home outside Steamboat where Daisy raised poultry and gardened.
"Daisy drove a green Army surplus open-air Jeep and always wore a red bandana around her head."
“But Daisy was best known for writing a book about her late husband's life entitled "From Slavery to Affluence: Memoirs of Robert Anderson, Ex-Slave," which won her international acclaim and allowed her to tour to give lectures.
“When Daisy died in September 1998 in Denver at the age of 97, she left behind just two other surviving Civil War widows. Her obituary in The New York Times ran 22 paragraphs in length. graphs in length.”
Excerpted from article about furniture maker Tom Ross in the August 7, 2013 issue of Steamboat Pilot and Today:  https://www.steamboattoday.com/news/tom-ross-furniture-makers-national-reputation-has-roots-in-routt-countys-strawberry-park/

As the fall arrived, the temperament of the town changed.   LTV Recreational Development bought the sky resort and upgraded the ski lifts and added a high-end lodge and an extravagant restaurant.  New arrivals flowed into town—the rich to stay at the lodge and others, less affluent to take service jobs at the resort. I worked at the restaurant as one of the dishwashers for a short time.  The main chef, a stately looking African-American man, commanded the kitchen area like a military general. He looked quite distinguished in his dazzling white toque blanche, as he barked out orders to the kitchen lineup. Waiters came in and out of the swinging down to the dining area with platters of steak, lobster and all the fixings. Often the waiters returned with plates with hardy any of the delicious food touched.  We would put the untouched food aside for our own dinners after work. It astonished me to see how many wealthy people seemed unabashed in their wasteful abundance.
Meanwhile way down below the ski area in downtown Steamboat, resident patrons filled the local pub.  One night, Dee and I ventured with some of the hotel guests to the pub to celebrate the first day of fall with hot apple cider.  It was a jubilant evening of song and dance in the pub and out on the street.
Autumn brought hunting season too and hunters, some with their deer carcasses strapped to the top of their vehicles, rumbling through town.  After being surrounded by the kaleidoscope of fall colors for several weeks, the sudden display of dead life being paraded through town by jubilant hunters brought sadness to my soul. It seemed all the newcomers to town, whether coming for skiing or to kill game, only had their own pleasures in mind.
One day my New York friends and I went to have lunch at a local café.  Outside the restaurant a Suburban was parked with the body of deer strapped over the top.  Inside the restaurant a group of several men in hunter garb sat laughing elatedly around a table as they looked at their menus and sang loudly, “Super juice! Super Juice! We want super juice.”  We sat down at a nearby table and looking at a menu noticed that the lunch entrees included “soup or juice”.  The gloom of death mixed with comic celebration of the victors.
A Nigerian student, Toya Moses, who was Anglican, had come to study at CSU and was staying with Father Hal (as he was called by parishioners).  Toya sometimes came to church services at the more traditional St. Luke’s Episcopal Church, which my family belonged to. Toya, a very outgoing person, was the only dark-skinned person in our congregation, something that he found strange, which it was. Toya, when he first arrived in America, imagined it to be a model of justice and racial equality.  The ingrained subtle racial prejudices bothered him, but he tried to be loving and keep his feelings to himself.  We quickly became friends about the time that I became a Bahá’í.  He invited me a couple of time to come to Father Hal’s home when several Nigerian students came over to prepare their favorite dishes from back home, where I learned the proper etiquette of eating with ones hands. Toya wanted to know what Bahá’ís believed. The emphasis on unity, equality and justice impressed him. He was particularly captivated by ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s positive encouragement for interracial marriage. I gave Toya my favorite Bahá’í Book, Baha’i World Faith, and showed him what ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’ wrote about marriage between the races:
“If it be possible, gather together these two races, black and white, into one Assembly, and put such love into their hearts that they shall not only unite but even intermarry. Be sure that the result of this will abolish differences and disputes between black and white. Moreover, by the Will of God, may it be so. This is a great service to humanity”
I remember Father Hal as being liberal in his views, but not as extreme or as flamboyant as Malcolm Boyd was.  When I first heard about the Baha’i Faith in a small coffee shop in the bar zone of Fort Collins, I decided to call Father Hal to get his insights about the new religion before I attended a meeting.  I was surprised to find out the Father Hal has recently attended a Bahá’í fireside meeting. He told me that he thought the Faith was very good and encouraged me to attend a meeting.  He said: “Chris, I think you will like it,” then he added a personal note, “For me, it’s too small of a group, but you should go and find out about it.”  His endorsement encouraged the way for me to go with an open mind, and within a few days of that phone conversation I attended my first Baha’i meeting in the home of the Garrigues family.
Those words had stayed with me-- that he saw the Faith as being too small for him. The more I learned about the universal nature of the Faith, the stranger his assessment seemed. Barely six months after that pivotal phone call, there I stood on a street in Steamboat Springs greeting Father Hal. I told him of my becoming a Bahá’í.  He received the news warmly, then informed me that he was no longer “Father” Hal. He had renounced his vows and left the church to get married. He was in Steamboat to stay with friends for a few days. He looked very happy.  That was the last time I saw him.


While in Steamboat I befriended a young married couple, who were devoted Christian Scientists.  Founded in 1879 in Boston, Massachusetts, by Mary Baker Eddy, the Church of Christ Science sought "to commemorate the word and works of Christ Jesus" and "reinstate primitive Christianity and its lost element of healing".
We had a lot in common and enjoyed our chats together.  I attended their church services a couple of times. We differed on the use of medical treatment for health.  Their belief centered on prayer and spiritual healing and not medical treatments, and my Bahá’í view combined spiritual healing with medical healing.
When Linda and I went to MIT for Rahmat’s PhD graduation ceremony in 2011, we toured the beautiful Mother Church of Christ Scientist in Boston. Though the theology of the church did not attract me, I had been a subscriber to The Christian Science Monitor newspaper from time to time for its objective, global reporting of the news, as contrasted to the often-skewed news reporting of today.
As winter approached so did the cold.  I had a mustache in those days, and I remember it icing up when I made the two-block walk to the post office.  I would reach the front door of the post office with tiny icicles hanging over my mouth.  The sidewalks were often slippery, especially after it snowed, making every step a delicate one, setting my crutches carefully on the cement before placing my weight down on each step. 
          One day at the hotel a couple of weeks before Christmas, Dee, the two New Yorker Jewish residents and I decided it would be nice to celebrate the Christmas spirit by caroling in a neighborhood. We all remembered enough Christmas carols from our school days and had a repertoire of enough songs to make it work.  Dee thought it would be nice to include Christian friends to join us. It would demonstrate unity of religion and the Christian friends would probably be more familiar with the carols.  However, when reaching out to several local Christian friends inviting them to carol with us, they all kindly declined for one reason or another. Bravely, we determined to do it anyway.  Thus, one frosty evening we strolled to a residential area in our warmest clothes and gloves and approached a home and knocked on the front door.  We introduced ourselves and offered to share a Christmas carol with whoever lived in the home. We were pleasantly surprised that no one turned us down, and we received warm appreciation at each home we visited.  After touring one neighborhood, we went for hot, apple cider at the local tavern, needing to warm up again.  We wondered if the families we sang to knew that two Jews and two Bahá’ís were singing at their door, would their reception have been as open and warm.
          Not long after, my New Yorker friends left to continue their lives elsewhere.  I don’t remember where Cliff was headed—back to New York City or westward, but Laura’s fiancé arrived for her.  Of course, she was filled with joy and quickly packed to leave with him.  For me, it was bittersweet.  We had become very close spiritually, and I was losing a family member.  I’ve often wondered how her life turned out, and where she might be now.  Life’s journey binds us to hundreds, maybe thousands of souls over the years, knitting us together in many ways, some short lived and others like lifelong ribbons.
          Dee, too, decided to take a break from the hotel life and left for a while. Roger continued to be supportive but stayed quite busy running the hotel alone. Suddenly, a melancholy sense of loneliness crept over me. The cold added to my gloom and I began thinking about leaving Steamboat Springs, but I couldn’t decide where I would go. I had meager means, which narrowed my choices to heading to my parents’ home in Fort Collins, or maybe returning to Loveland.  My heart yearned to go somewhere warmer, like Arizona or New Mexico, but how would I get established without a means of livelihood?  Self-sufficiency in the Bahá’í Writings is an element of being detached. We shouldn’t become a burden on others or on society. 
In the early history of the Faith in Iran and Iraq, many Sufis joined the Faith with pure hearts and dedication. They followed Bahá’u’lláh to Baghdad and struggled to meet their own material needs, simple that they were. Bahá’u’lláh, at one point, told them that they needed to have professions to become self-sufficient.  He helped several start trades or businesses.  One man started a confectionary, another a coffee house, etc.
          Years later when exiled to the Akká prison, where Bahá’u’lláh revealed His most Holy Book, the Kitáb-i-Aqdas, He states: “O people of Bahá! It is incumbent upon each one of you to engage in some occupation -- such as a craft, a trade or the like. We have exalted your engagement in such work to the rank of worship of the one true God.” the Kitáb-i-Aqdas, p. 30)
In another Tablet Bahá’u’lláh revealed: “Concerning the means of livelihood, thou shouldst, while placing thy whole trust in God, engage in some occupation. He will assuredly send down upon thee from the heaven of His favour that which is destined for thee. He is in truth the God of might and power.” Tablets of Bahá’u’lláh, p. 266)
‘Abdu’l-Bahá later reiterated this tenet to the friends; "Thou hast asked regarding the means of livelihood. Trust in God and engage in your work and practice economy; the confirmations of God shall descend and you will be enable to pay off your debts. Be ye occupied always with the mention of Bahá'u'lláh and seek ye no other hope and desire save Him." 'Abdu'l-Bahá, Bahá'í World Faith, p. 375
Realizing the need to work and have a profession of some kind, the nagging thought of college study kept sneaking into my thoughts. Going back to school wasn’t something I wanted to do at that time.  I was still new in my Faith and wanted to explore life a little longer before getting chained to a job. I still longed to travel and explore how other Bahá’ís lived and served.  I prayed intensely about this dilemma facing me and, unless something changed, I’d plan to return to Fort Collins and start anew.
One day, however, my life took a more adventurous turn. A Bahá’í youth from Greeley, Colorado arrived to give a few weeks of service to the Faith in Steamboat Springs. I knew her from teaching visits I had made with others to see her and her family in Greeley. I told her that I was preparing to leave Steamboat to go home. She suddenly burst out asking me if I had heard of the Bahá’í teaching conference happening in Alamogordo, New Mexico.  She said that she knew of several youth from Wyoming and Colorado who were planning to attend.  I told her that I would love to attend such the conference, but I had limited means.  She told me that she was sure if I could make to the conference that I could catch a ride home to Fort Collins afterwards with a youth who lived in Cheyenne, Wyoming. It all sounded great, but the information was skimpy.  I counted my money and came up with enough to get to Alamogordo, but not much more. 
It was almost Christmas Day and snows had fallen.  The depths of winter had come to the Colorado mountains. I prayed and went to the bus depot to buy ticket to Denver.  Once there I could decide to go to Fort Collins, or head south to the Land of Enchantment.  On Christmas Day I climbed aboard a bus headed for Denver.  I was the lone passenger.  The prayer for the Western States revealed by ‘Abdu’l-Bahá in the Tablets of the Divine Plan ran through my mind: “I am single, alone and lonely.”

Teaching Team












Teaching Team


Fragile like crystals
of glass blown into one vase
to display flowers.

Versatile like soybeans
blended and flavored to taste
to give the body power.

Exposed like blood
that flows from wounds in haste
to be replaced with new life.

Brave in ways no soldiers know;
shot a thousand times by friend and foe,
but never dies;
endures pains and poisons
and with courage cries.

Risks the danger of forsaking self
in hopes that others
might find true wealth.

                                          
                                                                                   
            -- C.S. Cholas
                        May 1991, Cayo, Belize

Skylight








Meditations While Teaching
in Baja California Sur Mexico

I should like to fall
through skylights of prayer
and pierce my heart
with a love free of self.

                                      -- C. S. Cholas, 1982

Twists of Air





Twists of Air        

Have turned date palms
Into dancers, shivering
Half-dressed through cracks of light.

We survey dust
In its scattered particles;
In twirls across the land;
Small things have purpose, too;
These things that never rest.

If the winds stop, we would miss
The clouds giving our daydreams life:
The kings and lions that hover above.

O how we wish we had a ticket
To go with them, floating away
Like fish and beggars.

-- C.S. Cholas, 1 April 1984
Loreto, Baja California Sur

Near Tamazunchale at Dawn


Near Tamazunchale at Dawn

                                    Low-flung clouds roam across pastures
                                    along the swollen rivers
                                    like ghosts seeking secret hiding spots
                                    among cattle and in fissures,
                                    behind fence posts and run-down barns.

                                    Like a threadbare tablecloth,
                                    the fog rends into shreds that flee
                                    as fugitives begging shelter
                                    within thickets of wind-bent trees 
                                    and among barefaced knolls                          
                                    before the sun's piercing eye peers
                                    over the eastern peaks to slay them
                                    with it's fierce, cyclopean stare.


                                                            -- C. S. Cholas
                                                                        9 September 1998,
                                                San Luis Potosí, México

Descent from Moctezuma




Descent from Moctezuma

The desert of Sonora
stretched out like a brown floor
below the gray rocks
where we descended
zigzag
down the pale Sierras
in a rusted, red bus
that smelled of diesel and dust.

Nothing
mystical occurred,
just the blur
of passing cacti
around an endless curve
edged ever so close
to the shouts of blue sky.


                           -- C. S. Cholas, April 1986,
                               Sonora, Mexico

Arab - Indigenous - Supreme Heights of Human Perfection


TO THE SUPREME HEIGHTS OF HUMAN PERFECTION:

A brief overview of the rise of the Ancient Inhabitants of Arabia for the purpose of understanding the present destiny of the Indigenous Population of the Americas

1.  'Abdu’l-Bahá’s Call in The Tablets of the Divine Plan.

            "Particular attention, I feel, should at this juncture, be directed to the various Indian tribes, the aboriginal inhabitants of the Latin republics, whom the Author of the Tablets of the Divine Plan has compared to the 'ancient inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula.'  'Attach great importance,' is His admonition to the entire body of the believers in the United States and the Dominion of Canada, 'to the indigenous population of America.  For these souls may be likened unto the ancient inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula, who, prior to the Mission of Muhammad, were like unto savages.  When the light of Muhammad shone forth in their midst, however, they became so radiant as to illumine the world.  Likewise, these Indians, should they be educated and guided, there can be no doubt that they will become so illumined as to enlighten the whole world.'  ...A special effort should be exerted to secure the unqualified adherence of members of some of these tribes to the Faith, their subsequent election to its councils, and their unreserved support of the organized attempts that will have to be made in the future by the projected national assemblies for the large-scale conversion of Indian races to the Faith of Bahá'u'lláh."  (Shoghi Effendi, Citadel of Faith, June 5, 1947, pp. 16-17.)

            "The Beloved Guardian was very happy to review the map, with your notations thereon, showing the number of Indian Bahá'ís.  He feels this is a real victory for the Faith, as the Master has spoken so often of the strength of character and latent capacity of the original peoples of the American continent.  Thus, the quickening of some of them is a historic turning point in the activity of the Faith, as well as the life of these people."
(from a letter dated July 31, 1956, written on behalf of Shoghi Effendi to an individual believer, quoted in A Special Measure of Love, page 16.)

            "He was particularly happy to see that some of the Indian believers were present at the Convention.  He attaches the greatest importance to teaching the original inhabitants of the Americas the Faith.  'Abdu'l-Bahá Himself has stated how great are their  potentialities, and it is their right, and the duty of the non-Indian Bahá'ís, to see that they receive the Message of God for this day..."  (from a letter dated July 1957 written on behalf of Shoghi Effendi to one of the National Spiritual Assemblies of Latin America, quoted in A Special Measure of Love, pages 19-20.)

            "The Master has likened the Indians in your Countries to the early Arabian Nomads at the time of the appearance of Muhammad.  Within a short period of time they became the outstanding examples of education, of culture and of civilization for the entire world.  The Master feels that similar wonders will occur today if the Indians are properly taught and if the power of the Spirit properly enters into their living."  (from a letter dated August 22, 1957 written on behalf of Shoghi Effendi to the National Spiritual Assembly of Central America and México, quoted in A Special Measure of Love, page 22.)
            "He was very happy indeed to learn of the very active manner in which the Canadian Bahá'ís have taken hold of this most important subject of teaching the Indians. "He attaches the greatest importance to this matter as the Master has spoken of the latent strength of character of these people and feels that when the Spirit of Faith has a chance to work in their midst, it will produce remarkable results."  (from a letter dated October 19, 1957, written on behalf of Shoghi Effendi to the National Spiritual Assembly of Canada, quoted in A Special Measure of Love, page 22.)

2.  The Transforming Power of the Manifestations of God. 

            In the time of Noah:  "For instance, consider that among the Prophets was Noah.  When He was invested with the robe of Prophethood, and was moved by the Spirit of God to arise and proclaim His Cause, whoever believed in Him and acknowledged His Faith, was endowed with the grace of a new life.  Of him it could be truly said that he was reborn and revived, inasmuch as previous to his belief in God and his acceptance of His Manifestation, he had set his affections on the things of the world, such as attachment to earthly goods, to wife, children, food, drink, and the like, so much so that in the day-time and in the night season his one concern had been to amass riches and procure for himself the means of enjoyment and pleasure.  Aside from these things, before his partaking of the reviving waters of faith, he had been so wedded to the traditions of his forefathers, and so passionately devoted to the observance of their customs and laws, that he would have preferred to suffer death rather than violate one letter of those superstitious forms and manners current amongst his people... These same people, though wrapt in all these veils of limitations, and despite the restraint of such observances, as soon as they drank the immortal draught of faith, from the cup of certitude, at the hand of the Manifestation of the All-Glorious, were so transformed that they would renounce for His sake their kindred, their substance, their lives, their beliefs, yea all else save God!  So overpowering was their yearning for God, so uplifting their transports of ecstatic delight, that the world and all that is therein faded before their eyes into nothingness..."    -- Bahá'u'lláh, The Kitáb-i-Iqán, pp. 154-156.

            In the time of Muhammad:  "Reflect for a while upon the behaviour of the companions of the Muhammadan Dispensation.  Consider how, through the reviving breath of Muhammad, they were cleansed from the defilements of earthly vanities, were delivered from selfish desires, and were detached from all else but Him.  Behold how they preceded all the peoples of the earth in attaining unto His holy Presence -- the Presence of God Himself -- how they renounced the world and all that is therein, and sacrificed freely and joyously their lives at the feet of that Manifestation of the All-Glorious..."  -- Bahá'u'lláh, The Kitáb-i-Iqán, pp. 159-160.

3.  Condition and Characteristics of the Arabian people before the time of
Muhammad.

            "These Arab tribes were in the lowest depths of savagery and barbarism, and in comparison with them the savages of Africa and wild Indians of America were as advanced as a Plato.  The savages of America do not bury their children alive as these Arabs did their daughters, glorying in it as being an honorable thing to do... Further, a man was permitted to take a thousand women, and most husbands had more than ten wives in their household.  When these tribes made war, the one which was victorious would take the women and children of the vanquished tribe captive and treat them as slaves.

            "When a man who had ten wives died, the sons of these women rushed at each other's mothers; and if one of the sons threw his mantle over the head of his father's wife and cried out, 'This woman is my property,' at once the unfortunate woman became his prisoner and slave.  He could do whatever he wished with her.  He could kill her, imprison her in a well, or beat, curse and torture her until death released her.  According to the Arab habits and customs, he was her master... Again, consider what was the condition and life of these oppressed women!  Moreover, the means by which these Arab tribes lived consisted in pillage and robbery, so that they were perpetually engaged in fighting and war, killing one another, plundering and devastating each other's property, and capturing women and children, whom they would sell to strangers."  -- 'Abdu'l-Bahá, Some Answered Questions, pages 19-20.

4.  The Effects of Muhammad and His Revelation on the Arab Peoples.

            "Briefly, Muhammad appeared in the desert of Hijaz in the Arabian Peninsula, which was a desolate, sterile wilderness, sandy and uninhabited.  Some parts, like Mecca and Medina, are extremely hot; the people are nomads with the manners and customs of the dwellers of the desert, and are entirely destitute of education and science.  Muhammad Himself was illiterate, and the Qur'an was originally written upon the bladebones of sheep, or on palm leaves... In such a country, and amidst such barbarous tribes, an illiterate Man produced a book in which, in a perfect and eloquent style, He explained the divine attributes and perfections, the prophethood of the Messengers of God, the divine laws, and some scientific facts...

            "In short, many Oriental peoples have been reared for thirteen centuries under the shadow of the religion of Muhammad.  During the Middle Ages, while Europe was in the lowest depths of barbarism, the Arab peoples were superior to the other nations of the earth in learning, in the arts, mathematics, civilization, government and other sciences.  The Enlightener and Educator of these Arab tribes, and the Founder of the civilization and perfections of humanity among these different races, was an illiterate Man, Muhammad..."  --  'Abdu'l-Bahá, Some Answered Questions, pages 22-23, 24.

            "All praise and honor be to the Dayspring of Divine wisdom, the Dawning-Point of Revelation (Muhammad), and to the holy line of His descendants, since, by the widespread rays of His consummate wisdom, His universal knowledge, those savage denizens of Yathrib (Medina) and Batha (Mecca), miraculously, and in so brief a time, were drawn out of the depths of their ignorance, rose up to the pinnacles of learning, and became centers of arts and sciences and human perfections, and stars of felicity and true civilization, shining across the horizons of the world."  -- 'Abdu'l-Bahá, The Secret of Divine Civilization, page 5.
            "In the sign of Muhammad, the Sun of Truth rose over Yathrib (Medina) and the Hijaz and cast across the universe the lights of eternal glory.  Then the earth of human potentialities was transformed, and the words, 'The earth shall shine with the light of her Lord,' were fulfilled.  The old world turned new again, and its dead body rose into abundant life.  Then tyranny and ignorance were overthrown, and towering palaces of knowledge and justice were reared in their place.   A sea of enlightenment thundered, and science cast down its rays.  The savage peoples of the Hijaz, before that Flame of supreme Prophethood was lit in the lamp of Mecca, were the most brutish and benighted of all the peoples of the earth.  In all the histories, their depraved and vicious practices, their ferocity and their constant feuds, are a matter of record.  In those days the civilized peoples of the world did not even consider the Arab tribes of Mecca and Medina as human beings.  And yet, after the Light of the World rose over them, they were -- because of the education bestowed on them by that Mine of perfections, that Focal Center of Revelation, and the blessings vouchsafed by the Divine Law -- within a brief interval gathered into the shelter of the principle of Divine oneness.  This brutish people then attained such a high degree of human perfection and civilization that all their contemporaries marveled at them.  Those very peoples who had always mocked the Arabs and held them up to ridicule as a breed devoid of judgment, now eagerly sought them out, visiting their countries to acquire enlightenment and culture, technical skills, statecraft, arts and sciences.

            "Observe the influence on material situations of that training which is inculcated by the true Educator.  Here were tribes so benighted and untamed that during the period of the Jahiliyya they would bury their seven-year-old daughters alive -- an act which even an animal, let alone a human being, would hate and shrink from but which they in their extreme degradation considered the ultimate expression of honor and devotion to principle -- and this darkened people, thanks to the manifest teachings of that great Personage, advanced to such a degree that after they conquered Egypt, Syria and its capital, Damascus, Chaldea, Mesopotamia and Iran, they came to administer single-handedly whatever matters were of major importance in four main regions of the globe.

            "The Arabs then excelled all the peoples of the world in science and the arts, in industry and invention, in philosophy, government and moral character.  And truly, the rise of this brutish and despicable element, in such a short interval, to the supreme heights of human perfection, is the greatest demonstration of the rightfulness of the Lord Muhammad's Prophethood.

            "In the early ages of Islám the peoples of Europe acquired the sciences and arts of civilization from Islám as practiced by the inhabitants of Andalusia.  A careful and thorough investigation of the historical record will establish the fact that the major part of the civilization of Europe is derived from Islám;...

            "...The purpose of these references is to establish the fact that the religions of god are the true source of the spiritual and material perfections of man, and the fountainhead for all mankind of enlightenment and beneficial knowledge..."  -- 'Abdu'l-Bahá, The Secret of Divine Civilization, pages 87-89, and page 94.
5.  Some Further Insights Gleaned from H.M. Balyuzi's Muhammad and the Course
of Islám concerning the effect of Islám on the Arab people.

            a.  "Most of the early Muslims were young men, some very young, less than twenty years old.  With a few exceptions they came from humble walks of life.  Their conversion to Islám posed no serious threat to the confraternity of merchants, heads of clans and attendants of the Ka'bah (Literally, 'cube'.  The ancient four-square sacred shrine in Mecca), who held power in Mecca."  (page 27.)

            b.  Abu-Sufyan, a cousin of Muhammad who had been extremely hostile to Muhammad until his change of heart "was amazed and his amazement was boundless when he noticed how the Muslims would not let a drop of water, with which Muhammad made his ablutions, reach the ground.  Not even at the courts of the Sasanians and the Byzantines had he seen such devotion."  (page 130.)

            c.  Muhammad had prophesied the entry by troops of Arab tribes into His Faith, "When come the help of God and victory; and thou seest people entering God's religion in multitudes, then render thou praise and thanks unto thy Lord, and beseech His forgiveness; for verily He is the Forgiving."  (Qur'an, surah cx 'Help', quoted in Balyuzi, page 134.)

            d.  "He (Muhammad) totally transformed the fortunes of a loosely-associated group of tribes and made of them a single, resolute nation.  He banished idolatry from Arabia.  From His time Arabia and her people came into the full light of history."  (page 160.)

            e.  "Arabs must not forget, however, that it was not 'Arabism' in any way which moulded and shaped the Islamic civilization.  Persians too must not forget that when the Arabs conquered them and brought them the gift of Islám they were decadent, that culturally they were spent, and socially were slaves of a caste system, that the Sasanian dynasty was no longer fit to govern.  They must also not forget that many of them (in earlier years) still looked back to a dead past for comfort and some of them tried wantonly to wreck rather than to build."  (page 288.)

            f.  "The civilization of Islám was neither Arab, nor Persian, nor Syriac.  It had all those elements within its fold, and many more..."  (page 289.)


6.  The Promise for Today to the Indigenous Peoples of America if they
accept and become enlightened by the Teachings of Bahá'u'lláh.

            "To believe in the Mouthpiece of God in His Day confers very great blessings, not only on individuals, but on races, and he hopes that you who are now numbered amongst the followers of Bahá'u'lláh will give His Message to many more of your tribe, and in this way hasten for your people a bright and happy future."  (from a letter dated December 21, 1947, written on behalf of Shoghi Effendi to Bahá'í members of the Omaha tribe of Indians in Macy, Nebraska, quoted in Message to the Indian and Eskimo Bahá'ís of the Western Hemisphere by 'Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum.)

7.  Bahá'í Unity Conference Ganado, Arizona

8 May 1972

Beloved friends,

            Praise be to the Almighty that you have gathered in that beautiful spot in a spirit of love and harmony for the purpose of strengthening the bonds of unity between yourselves and among all men.
            The All-Wise Creator of earth and heaven has from the beginning which has no beginning sent to His peoples Divine Messengers to guide them to the Straight Path. These Wise Ones have come to establish the unity of the Kingdom in human hearts. This great evolutionary process of building the organic unity of the human race has entered a new stage with this mighty message of Bahá'u'lláh. His voice is the voice of the Great Spirit. His love for humankind is the force of the New Age.
            He who sends the rain, who causes the sun and the stars to shine, the rivers to flow, the winds to blow and the earth to give forth her bounties has in this Great Day sent to all mankind Bahá'u'lláh. It is this Great One who has opened the door of divine knowledge to every soul. It is His teachings that will establish world unity and bring about universal peace.
            The people of the world are the tools in His hand. They must strive to understand His message and to walk in the path of His divine guidance. Every human being is responsible in this day to seek the truth for himself and thereafter to live according to that wise counsel. The old ones have all longed for this sweet message. Praise God that you have found it.
            Now awakened to new wisdom, now guided to the straight path, now illumined with this mighty message, strive you day and night to guide and assist the thirsty ones in all lands to the ever-flowing fountain, the wandering ones to this fortress of certainty, the ignorant ones to this source of knowledge and the seekers to that One for whom their hearts long.
            May your consultation reach so high a level of endeavour and purpose that the Great One will open before your faces the doors of the paradise of wisdom and love and cause the light of the Abha Beauty to shine in your midst.

With loving Bahá'í greetings,
 The Universal House of Justice